It’s that time of year again. People are heading outdoors to enjoy sports like golf and tennis. Unfortunately, this often results in a rise in overuse injuries such as tennis elbow and golfer’s elbow. These conditions affect the tendons around the elbow joint and are commonly caused by repetitive arm, wrist or hand movements. Despite their athletic-sounding names, they frequently occur in non-athletes as well, including manual laborers, office workers and weekend warriors.
Physical therapy plays a central role in both the treatment and prevention of these injuries. It offers non-invasive, evidence-based approaches to relieve pain, restore mobility and help individuals return to their activities while minimizing the risk of recurrence. Anyone experiencing persistent elbow pain, especially if it interferes with daily tasks or sports, should consider seeing a physical therapist. If the pain lasts more than a few days, early intervention is key. A physical therapist can assess the condition and design a customized treatment plan. Addressing the issue early often leads to a quicker recovery and better long-term outcomes.
Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, involves inflammation or microtearing of the tendons that attach to the lateral (outer) part of the elbow. It typically results from repetitive wrist extension or gripping motions. Symptoms often include pain on the outside of the elbow, a weak grip and discomfort during wrist or hand movement.
Golfer’s elbow, or medial epicondylitis, similar to tennis elbow, affects the tendons on the medial (inner) side of the elbow and usually results from repeated wrist flexion or forearm pronation, such as when swinging a golf club or using tools. People with this condition may experience pain on the inside of the elbow, stiffness and weakness in the hands and wrists.
Once a diagnosis is made, physical therapy is often the first step in treatment. Therapy begins by addressing pain and inflammation, often through the use of manual therapy, including soft tissue mobilization and myofascial release, which can be effective in reducing muscle tension and promoting tissue healing. Gentle stretching of the wrist flexors and extensors is introduced to relieve stress and strain on the affected tendons and improve flexibility. Also, the use of modalities including ultrasound, ice or heat therapy and electrical stimulation such as TENS can reduce pain and swelling..
As symptoms improve, the focus shifts to strengthening the muscles of the forearm. Eccentric exercises, which involve the slow, controlled lengthening of muscles, are especially important for rebuilding tendon resilience. Strengthening the wrist flexors and extensors, enhancing grip strength and improving shoulder stability are essential components of this phase.
To prevent re-injury, therapists also evaluate posture, movement patterns and ergonomic factors. This might involve modifying techniques used in sports or work, such as correcting a golf swing, adjusting grip sizes or changing a workstation setup. These changes help to reduce undue stress on the elbow during daily activities.
A gradual, structured return to normal activity is critical. Therapists help guide this process to ensure the elbow is strong enough to tolerate increased demands without risk of setback. Ongoing monitoring allows for adjustments if early signs of re-injury appear. Long-term maintenance is just as important. Incorporating a proper warm-up routine with dynamic stretching and light strengthening before activity, avoiding overuse by varying tasks and ensuring balanced muscle development are key strategies. In some cases, tennis or golf lessons may be beneficial to address faulty mechanics, and selecting appropriate equipment, such as using the correct grip size or vibration-dampening accessories, can further reduce strain on the elbow.
Tennis elbow and golfer’s elbow are frustrating yet highly treatable conditions. With the guidance of a physical therapist, individuals can follow a holistic, non-invasive path to recovery. Through targeted exercises, pain management techniques and smart lifestyle adjustments, it is possible not only to heal but to build resilience and prevent future flare-ups—whether on the court, the course or the job.
At Prime Orthopedic Rehabilitation, we have both male and female therapists. Our therapists all hold advanced certifications to help with your specific needs, including orthopedic certified specialist (OCS) certification. We offer general outpatient physical and occupational therapy, both in-office and in-home, but we also offer specific approaches such as McKenzie rehab for neck and back issues; Schroth approach for scoliosis; vestibular rehab for dizziness, balance issues and vertigo; and sports rehab for sports injuries such as those from tennis, golf, pickleball, basketball or hockey, as well as therapists certified in dry needling, cupping, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) and other approaches. Prime has 89 five-star Google reviews and offers more one-on-one time than most other offices. Call us today to ask how we can help you: 201-503-7173.
Jessica Lowy, DPT, CMTPT, DN, Mckenzie A-D, advanced Schroth therapist, and Michal Porath, MPT, Mckenzie A-D, advanced Schroth therapist, are owners of Prime Orthopedic Rehabilitation in Tenafly, New Jersey. They treat necks and backs in their clinic, in addition to general orthopedic and post surgical patients. Call 201-503-7173 for an appointment.
