January 28, 2025

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Genesis 49:5: The Meaning of ‘Mecheiroteihem’

… a profound criticism without that overly literal reading.
(P.S. If the original Hebrew word was “machreit,” Koller points out that its plural would be “machreteihem.” This is not the vocalization that we have today. Koller suggests why the original vocalization may have changed.)
I would like to thank Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein for forwarding me a copy of Professor Koller’s 2013 study.

Mitchell First can be reached at [email protected]. As a youth reciting “Al HaNissim,” he recalls wondering why Matityahu was traveling overseas to fight the Greeks! (For the few of you who still do not …

The Multiple Meanings of the Root ‘ZMR’ in Tanach

… that the former involved instruments (at least originally) and the latter did not. See, e.g., Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, volume 4, page 98, Menachem Zevi Kaddari, Milon HaIvrit HaMikrait, page 254, Ibn Ezra to Psalms 105:2 and Radak to Chronicles 1 16:9. (I thank Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein for the last two references.) See also Daat Mikra to Tehillim 1:3.
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One of the most important archaeological finds in ancient Israel is the “Gezer Calendar,” from the 10th century BCE. It is a small tablet that describes monthly and bi-monthly periods and attributes an …

Some New Books You Might Have Missed

… interpretation. Gottlieb’s systematic and serious analysis makes it a valuable resource for readers interested in the complexities of biblical sequence and structure, as well as the interpretive philosophies that have influenced Jewish exegesis through the ages.

Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein is a distinguished author and scholar originally from Valley Village, California. He holds rabbinic ordination from prominent figures and is a member of the RCA. He is known for his popular books, scholarly essays, and involvement in Torah-related projects. He holds an MA in Jewish education from the London School of Jewish Studies, and currently resides in …

The Etymology of ‘Melech’ (King)

… not an additional spin on the root that we can learn from this name. For more details on this service and for information on extra-biblical sources, see “The JPS Torah Commentary: Leviticus,” (1989), excursus 7, “The Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible,” (1995), page 582 and Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein, “God versus Gods,” (2021), page 531. But note that there is a view that the biblical “Molech” means “sacrifice” (that which is presented), from a root ילך. See the essay on “Molech” in “Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament,” volume 8.
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What about the word נשיא? It …

Esther and Mordechai: First Cousins? Or Uncle and Niece?

… marriage was viewed favorably. But again, it is very difficult to force the uncle-niece interpretation into the verses.

I would like to acknowledge the following sources: 1) two articles by Rabbi Zivotofsky: “Jewish Action,” Summer 2001, and in Hebrew online: “Al Mordechai VeEsther,” 2005, 2) Rabbi B. Barry Levy, thetorah.com, March 2016, and 3) Rabbi Joshua Waxman, parshablog, November 2006. Also, the Torat Hayim edition of Esther, with its note to Ibn Ezra 8:1. Finally, I would like to acknowledge Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein and Rabbi Ezra Frazer for their help.

Mitchell First can be reached at

Examining the Musaf Prayer

… deeper contemplation on the profound spiritual and theological significance embedded within the prayer’s text. This book thus deserves a place on the Jewish bookshelf as an invaluable resource that illuminates the depths of this sacred liturgical text, while also highlighting the timeless aspirations and hopes embedded within it.

Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein is a distinguished author and scholar from Valley Village, California, who now resides in Beitar Illit, Israel. He holds rabbinic ordination from prominent figures and is an active member of the RCA. He’s known for his influential books, scholarly contributions, and involvement in Torah-related projects.

Gedolei Yisrael Give Guidance and Inspiration at Dirshu Yom Limud and Tefillah Marking the Chofetz Chaim’s Yahrzeit

Hundreds of thousands of children around the world daven for klal Yisrael and internalize the Chofetz Chaim’s message.
HaRav Yitzchok Berkovitz addressing a previous Dirshu event.
“There is nothing more important that we can do before the Yamim Noraim than to try fixing and rectifying our klei hadibbur, our mouths and our tongues that enable us to speak!”
These were the powerful words of Rav Yissocher Frand, Rosh Yeshiva at Yeshiva Ner Yisrael in Baltimore and one of the prime mashpiim of our time. Rav Frand’s words were said during a drasha that was seen by untold multitudes …

Three New Books for Fascinating Summer Reading

… of this takes money. Lots of it.
At some point, the book shifts into showing how Eli becomes an incredible fundraiser. I would have been interested in reading more heartwarming stories about the work that Hatzolah volunteers do day in and day out, and less about Eli Beer’s flights all over the world, getting million-dollar donations. This is truly a praiseworthy and wonderful thing, but as a reader it got kind of boring. Ultimately, I read the book and I even enjoyed it. But I was really hoping for more.
By Reuven Chaim Klein and Shira Yael Klein

Miscellaneous Insights Into English and Hebrew Words and Jewish History

… Jastrow. It is possibly post-Talmudic.) When one is הציל (meaning “saves”) someone, the root is נצל and the נ dropped. It means “cause a removal” (i.e., from a dangerous situation). I thank Nancy Friedman for getting me interested in this root.
לבלר: scribe. From a post by Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein: “Scholars agree that the word ‘lavlar’ actually derives from the Late Latin word ‘libellarius’ (‘scribe’), which, in turn, is derived from the Latin word ‘libellus.’ That word ‘libellus’ is itself a diminutive of the Latin word ‘liber/libri’ (‘book’) … These words have etymological relatives in English that …

English Jews in the Times of Tosafot

… yet unfortunate, conclusion.

Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein is the editor-in-chief of The Rachack Review, an online forum for book reviews on Jewish Books. He is also the author of highly-popular work Lashon HaKodesh: History, Holiness, & Hebrew (Mosaica Press), and the Jewish Press’s “Fascinating Explorations in Lashon Hakodesh” column. He can be reached via email to [email protected]

The Kings of England and Their Jews

… unfortunate, conclusion.

Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein is a scholar, author and lecturer living in Beitar Illit, Israel. He has written many scholarly works, including the book, “Lashon HaKodesh: History, Holiness and Hebrew (Mosaica Press).”

The Reform Rabbi Who Influenced Modern Orthodoxy

… of the synagogue rabbi, while deemphasizing normative Jewish Law and dogma. Nonetheless, this watering-down of the religion does not seem robust enough to withstand the pressures of post-Modernity, and will likely lead to the eventual downfall of heterodox denominations, while orthodoxy will continue into the Messianic Era.

Rabbi Reuven Chaim Klein is the editor-in-chief of The Rachack Review, an online forum for book reviews on Jewish Books. He is also the author of highly-popular work Lashon HaKodesh: History, Holiness, & Hebrew (Mosaica Press), and the Jewish Press’s “Fascinating Explorations in Lashon Hakodesh” column. He can …

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